Annual report pursuant to Section 13 and 15(d)

WARRANTS

v3.3.1.900
WARRANTS
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2015
Warrants and Rights Note Disclosure [Abstract]  
Shareholders Equity And Share Based Payments Stock Warrant [Text Block]
10.
WARRANTS
 
The following is a continuity schedule of the Company’s common share purchase warrants:
 
 
 
Number of Warrants
 
Weighted-Average
Exercise Price ($)
 
Outstanding and exercisable, December 31, 2014 and 2013
 
 
-
 
 
-
 
Issued
 
 
18,049,075
 
 
1.35
 
Outstanding and exercisable, December 31, 2015
 
 
18,049,075
 
 
1.35
 
 
Common share purchase warrants
 
The following is a summary of common share purchase warrants outstanding as of December 31, 2015:
 
Exercise
 
 
 
Number of
 
 
 
Price ($)
 
 
 
Warrants
 
Expiry Date
 
1.40
 
Note 8(vi)
 
 
7,735,750
 
February 26, 2019
 
0.80
 
Note 8(vi)
 
 
773,575
 
February 26, 2019
 
1.40
 
Note 8(viii)
 
 
1,212,500
 
March 27, 2019
 
0.80
 
Note 8(viii)
 
 
121,250
 
March 27, 2019
 
1.40
 
Note 8(ix)
 
 
891,250
 
March 31, 2019
 
0.80
 
Note 8(ix)
 
 
89,125
 
March 31, 2019
 
1.40
 
Note 8(x)
 
 
3,115,000
 
April 21, 2019
 
0.80
 
Note 8(x)
 
 
311,500
 
April 21, 2019
 
1.40
 
Note 8(xi)
 
 
1,418,750
 
May 27, 2019
 
0.80
 
Note 8(xi)
 
 
141,875
 
May 27, 2019
 
1.40
 
Note 8(xii)
 
 
2,035,000
 
June 30, 2019
 
0.80
 
Note 8(xii)
 
 
203,500
 
June 30, 2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
18,049,075
 
 
 
 
Exchangeable share purchase warrants
 
In 2014 the Company repaid loans of $180,940 plus accrued interest of $12,138 owing to investors introduced by Pope and Co. As part of this transaction the Company was committed to issue these lenders warrants exercisable into 349,522 Exchangeable Shares at an exercise price of $0.23 per share for a period ending March 21, 2017. During the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company issued these warrants.
 
Warrant derivative liability
 
The Company’s outstanding common share purchase warrants include price protection provisions that allow for a reduction in the exercise price of the warrants in the event the Company subsequently issues common stock or options, rights, warrants or securities convertible or exchangeable for shares of common stock at a price lower than the exercise price of the warrants. Simultaneously with any reduction to the exercise price, the number of shares of common stock that may be purchased upon exercise of each of these warrants shall be increased based on a pre-defined formula.
 
In addition, prior to the effectiveness of certain resale registration statements or if any such registration statements are no longer effective, the holder of the Company’s warrants, at their option, may exercise all or any part of the warrants in a “cashless” or “net-issue” exercise.
 
The Company has the option to redeem the warrants for $0.001 per warrant if the daily volume weighted-average price of the common shares is 200% or more of the exercise price for twenty consecutive trading days provided there is an effective registration statement covering the common shares available throughout the thirty day period after the redemption date. The warrant holders then have thirty days to exercise the warrants or receive the redemption amount.
 
The Company’s derivative instruments have been measured at fair value at inception and at December 31, 2015 using a simulation model. The Company recognizes all of its warrants with price protection on its consolidated balance sheet as a derivative liability.
 
The following summarizes the changes in the value of the warrant derivative liability from inception until December 31, 2015:
 
 
 
 
 
Number of
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Warrants
 
 
Value ($)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Warrants issued in February 26, 2015 financing
 
Note 8(vi)
 
 
8,509,325
 
 
 
550,374
 
Warrants issued in March 27, 2015 financing
 
Note 8(viii)
 
 
1,333,750
 
 
 
1,036,325
 
Warrants issued in March 31, 2015 financing
 
Note 8(ix)
 
 
980,375
 
 
 
759,290
 
Warrants issued in April 21, 2015 financing
 
Note 8(x)
 
 
3,426,500
 
 
 
2,588,722
 
Warrants issued in May 27, 2015 financing
 
Note 8(xi)
 
 
1,560,625
 
 
 
1,025,173
 
Warrants issued in June 30, 2015 financing
 
Note 8(xii)
 
 
2,238,500
 
 
 
1,490,969
 
Total at inception
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
7,450,853
 
Change in fair value of warrant derivative liability
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(1,382,984)
 
Balance at December 31, 2015
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
6,067,869
 
 
During the year ended December 31, 2015 the Company recorded a loss of $898,860 on initial recognition of the warrant derivative liability and a gain of $1,382,984 on re-measurement to fair value at year-end. The net impact is a gain of $484,124 for the year ended December 31, 2015 was recorded as a change in fair value of warrant derivative liability within the Company’s consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.
 
The key inputs and assumptions used in the simulation model at inception and at December 31, 2015 are as follows:
 
 
 
Number of
 
Expected
 
Exercise
 
Risk free
 
 
Dividend
 
 
Expected
 
Grant date fair
 
Grant date
 
Warrants
 
life in years
 
Price ($)
 
rate
 
 
rate
 
 
volatility
 
value ($)
 
At Inception:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
February 26, 2015
 
 
7,735,750
 
 
4
 
 
1.4
 
 
0.44
%
 
 
0
%
 
 
51.83
%
 
464,784
 
February 26, 2015
 
 
773,575
 
 
4
 
 
0.8
 
 
0.44
%
 
 
0
%
 
 
51.83
%
 
85,590
 
March 27, 2015
 
 
1,212,500
 
 
3.92
 
 
1.4
 
 
0.43
%
 
 
0
%
 
 
52.37
%
 
950,913
 
March 27, 2015
 
 
121,250
 
 
3.92
 
 
0.8
 
 
0.43
%
 
 
0
%
 
 
52.37
%
 
85,412
 
March 31, 2015
 
 
891,250
 
 
3.91
 
 
1.4
 
 
0.41
%
 
 
0
%
 
 
52.45
%
 
696,582
 
March 31, 2015
 
 
89,125
 
 
3.91
 
 
0.8
 
 
0.41
%
 
 
0
%
 
 
52.45
%
 
62,708
 
April 21, 2015
 
 
3,115,000
 
 
3.85
 
 
1.4
 
 
0.68
%
 
 
0
%
 
 
51.54
%
 
2,371,956
 
April 21, 2015
 
 
311,500
 
 
3.85
 
 
0.8
 
 
0.68
%
 
 
0
%
 
 
51.54
%
 
216,766
 
May 27, 2015
 
 
1,418,750
 
 
3.76
 
 
1.4
 
 
0.46
%
 
 
0
%
 
 
51.74
%
 
933,065
 
May 27, 2015
 
 
141,875
 
 
3.76
 
 
0.8
 
 
0.46
%
 
 
0
%
 
 
51.74
%
 
92,108
 
June 30, 2015
 
 
2,035,000
 
 
3.66
 
 
1.4
 
 
0.37
%
 
 
0
%
 
 
52.94
%
 
1,356,512
 
June 30, 2015
 
 
203,500
 
 
3.66
 
 
0.8
 
 
0.37
%
 
 
0
%
 
 
52.94
%
 
134,457
 
At Year End:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2015
 
 
16,408,250
 
 
3.16
 
 
1.4
 
 
0.65
%
 
 
0
%
 
 
53.58
%
 
5,315,536
 
December 31, 2015
 
 
1,640,825
 
 
3.16
 
 
0.8
 
 
0.65
%
 
 
0
%
 
 
53.58
%
 
752,333
 
 
In addition to the forgoing, the Company also utilized a holding cost to approximate the impact of a holder of the warrant to maintain a hedging strategy in which they maintained a short position. On analysis of comparable companies and other information the Company has determined that the use of 2.25% in the simulation model is a reasonable assumption.
 
The warrant derivative liability is classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy because on initial recognition and again at December 31, 2015, it was valued using these significant inputs and assumptions that are unobservable in the market. Changes in the values assumed and used in the simulation   model can materially affect the estimate of fair value.
 
Generally, an increase in the market price of the Company’s common shares, an increase in the volatility of the Company’s common shares and an increase in the expected life would result in a directionally similar change in the estimated fair value of the warrant derivative liability. An increase in the risk free rate would result in a decrease in the fair value of the warrant derivative liability.
 
The expected life is based on the remaining contractual term of the warrants. The risk free rate was based on U.S. treasury-note yields with terms commensurate with the remaining term of the warrants. Expected volatility over the expected term of the warrants is estimated based on consideration of historical volatility and other information.
 
In addition to the assumptions above, the Company also took into consideration the probability of the Company’s participation in another round of financing, the type of such financing and the range of the stock price for the financing at that time. At each increment of the simulation, the daily volume weighted-average price was calculated. If this amount was 200% greater than the exercise price of the warrants at the time, and this threshold was maintained for 20 consecutive days, the simulation assumed the trigger of the Company’s option to redeem and the exercise of the warrants by the holder within thirty days. In the circumstance where the redemption was not triggered the warrant was valued at its discounted intrinsic value at maturity.